Pigmentation is the abnormal colouring of human skin as a result of some disease. Melanin pigment causes pigmentation The skin colour will get affected due to skin pigmentation disorders. Skin will become more darker if the body is making too much melanin. Exposure to sun, pregnancy, addison’s disease can also leads to darker skin.
Hyperpigmentation
Skin pigmentation disorders includes hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation.
The appearance of dark spots on the skin can occur due to various reasons. The abnormal tanning of the skin results in skin darkening. This abnormal tanning can be due to sensitivity of the skin.
Causes Of Hyperpigmentation
Photosensitivity can be caused as a result of various diseases and also due to the use of many drugs. Common drugs which causes photosensitivity includes birth control pills, antibiotics, pain relievers and psychoactive medications. Hyperpigmentation can also be caused due to genetic factors.
Arsenic poisoning and addison’s disease are another major causes.
Acanthosis nigricans means a velvety darkening of the skin which appears in folded areas. It can be occurred as a symptom of cancer or hormone imbalance.
Hyperpigmentation is due to the excess production of melanin. It is harmless.
Major causes of hyperpigmentation includes the following :
- It can be due to the abnormally high concentration of melanocytes which produce melanin.
- When the melanocytes becomes hyperactive.
Examples Of Hyperpigmentation
Some of the examples of hyperpigmentation includes the following :
- Lentigo / lentigines - It means the occurrence of freckle or freckles.
- Solar lentigines - It is called sun spots, age spots and liver spots.
- Melasma - It occurs due to the hormonal changes which happens during pregnancy.
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